< STS091-710-27 >

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Spacecraft nadir point: 22.2° N, 160.0° W

Photo center point: 19.5° N, 155.5° W

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Nadir to Photo Center: Southeast

Spacecraft Altitude: 188 nautical miles (348km)
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Image Caption:
STS091-710-27 The Big Island, Hawaii, of the Hawaiian Island Chain dressed in Clouds.Hawaii, the volcanic island is known as the Big Island, it is the largest (area 4,028 square miles [10,433 square km]) and southeasternmost of the Hawaiian Island group. It is the youngest geologically and was formed by five volcanoes connected by lava saddles (ridges). Kilauea, near the opening in the clouds on the east, central part of the island, is the world's most active volcano having been active since 1983. Mauna Kea , the northernmost peak, is the highest point in the state (13,796 feet [4,205 m] above sea level), and its name means "white mountain," so-called because it is often snowcapped. The dome is 30 miles (48 km) across, with numerous cinder cones, and is the site of a major astronomical observatory. Lava flows from Mauna Kea have buried the southern slopes of the Kohala Mountains (to the northwest), whereas its own western and southern slopes are covered with lava from Mauna Loa, its still-active neighbor. During the Ice Age a glacier about 250 feet (75 m) thick covered the peak and formed Lake Waiau at 13,020 feet (3,970 m). High on the slopes (12,400 feet [3,780 m]) several caves have been discovered where ancient Hawaiians quarried the basalt for adzes and other cutting tools. Sugar, tourism, cattle, orchid, and coffee industries are the chief economic factors. Pop. (1990) 120,317.