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  Image: Geographic Location Direction Photo #: ISS059-E-46155 Date: May 2019
Geographic Region: MADAGASCAR
Feature: MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL

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  One Island, Two Perspectives

This article features an additional image. View the "first image" here.

Both of these photos of Madagascar were taken from the International Space Station (ISS) by astronauts using handheld digital cameras. The first photo was taken using a 10 millimeter lens, sometimes called a fisheye lens. The second was captured using a 58 millimeter lens, making this field of view slightly more zoomed in than what a human eye sees. For comparison, a smartphone camera usually has a field of view equivalent to a 24 to 30 mm lens on a Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera.

Smaller lens sizes are helpful when astronauts want to photograph broad geographic regions on Earth. The first photo captures the entire island of Madagascar as viewed while looking down through the round center window in the ISS Cupola. The optical design of the small lens size causes Madagascar to appear distorted in comparison to a geometrically corrected map view. Spacecraft parts, including a docked Russian Soyuz capsule and the ISS solar panels, appear around the photo perimeter.

The second photo was taken using a 58 mm lens while the ISS was above a point on Earth's surface about 580 kilometers (360 miles) south-southwest of Madagascar. From its southernmost tip to its northern coasts, Madagascar stretches 1,500 kilometers (1,000 miles). When viewed from the ISS altitude of 360 kilometers (225 miles) above Earth's surface, the horizon is a bit more than 2,300 kilometers (1,400 miles) away.

The whole island is captured in both photos; however, the northern end of Madagascar is indistinguishable in the 58 mm shot due to cloud cover and the highly oblique viewing angle. Since the fisheye lens has a much wider field of view and was used when ISS was directly over the island (indicated by the spacecraft nadir label on the image), all of Madagascar was captured in a single but more visibly distorted shot.

 
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Images: All Available Images Low-Resolution 293k
Mission: ISS059  
Roll - Frame: E - 46155
Geographical Name: MADAGASCAR  
Features: MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL  
Center Lat x Lon: 22S x 46.0E
Film Exposure:   N=Normal exposure, U=Under exposed, O=Over exposed, F=out of Focus
Percentage of Cloud Cover-CLDP: 50
 
Camera: N8
 
Camera Tilt: HO   LO=Low Oblique, HO=High Oblique, NV=Near Vertical
Camera Focal Length: 58  
 
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: N   The direction from the nadir to the center point, N=North, S=South, E=East, W=West
Stereo?:   Y=Yes there is an adjacent picture of the same area, N=No there isn't
Orbit Number:  
 
Date: 20190506   YYYYMMDD
Time: 095526   GMT HHMMSS
Nadir Lat: 30.7S  
Latitude of suborbital point of spacecraft
Nadir Lon: 43.8E  
Longitude of suborbital point of spacecraft
Sun Azimuth: 343   Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point
Space Craft Altitude: 223   nautical miles
Sun Elevation: 41   Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point
Land Views: ISLAND  
Water Views:  
Atmosphere Views:  
Man Made Views:  
City Views:  
Photo is not associated with any sequences


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