STS-106 Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Debriefing with Crewmembers
October 17, 2000

EUROPE
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STS106-711-49
All of Ireland; Great Glen fault of Scotland in distance.
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STS106-718-28
Straits of Dover, white cliffs, ships.
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STS106-714-79
Netherlands looking north.
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STS106-718-30
Antwerp, Belgium, on the Scheldt River.
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STS106-711-55
Northern France looking north to Denmark.
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STS106-702-80
France--panorama looking east.
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STS106-703-83
City of Nantes, France.
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STS106-704-66
The Pyrenees (highest point 3404 m), extending from the Bay of Biscay to the Gulf of Lyon, began forming during Eurasian-African interactions about 80 million years ago. The Cordillera Cantabrica, along the north coast of Spain, is a more deeply eroded ancient mountain chain that formed ~320 million years ago.
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STS106-702-84
The Alps were uplifted later (~60 million years ago) than were the Pyrenees, in the same Eurasian-African collision. The western Alps are truncated by younger Rhone rift faults; the Rhone and Rhine rift valleys, as well as the transform fault zone (from Basel, Switzerland to Dijon, France) developed about 23 million years ago.
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STS106-702-86
The great Alpine folds have been cut by younger structures such as the Rhone rift and the Basel-Dijon transform fault zone. The transform zone connects the Rhone and Rhine rift segments; it is expressed as NE-trending fault valleys (zones of horizontal shear) and narrow, dagger-like folds, which are deformed Alpine structures.
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