ISS031 Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Photographic Highlights

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ISS031-E-41959
photo ID ISS031-E-41959
ISS031-E-41959         Click the photo number to access all resolutions available and the database record.
Alaid Volcano, Kuril Islands, Russian Federation: The Kuril Island chain extends from the Kamchatka Peninsula to Japan and contains numerous active volcanoes along its length. This astronaut photograph highlights Alaid Volcano, the highest (2,339 meters above sea level) volcano in the chain, as well as the northernmost. The textbook cone-shaped morphology of this stratovolcano is marred only by the summit crater, which is breached to the south (image center) and highlighted by snow cover. The volcano rises 3000 meters from the floor of the Sea of Okhotsk, with the uppermost part of the volcano exposed as an island.

Much of the sea surface surrounding the volcano has a silver-gray appearance. This mirror-like appearance is due to sunglint, where light reflects off the sea surface and is scattered directly towards the observer on the International Space Station. Sunglint is largely absent from a zone directly to the west of the volcano, most likely due to surface wind or water currents that change the roughness—and light scattering properties—of the water surface. (Note that the image is oriented so that north is to the lower left.)

Volcanoes in the Kurils and similar island arcs in the Pacific “ring of fire”, are fed by magma generated along the boundary between two tectonic plates, where one plate is being driven beneath the other (a process known as subduction). Alaid Volcano has been historically active, with the most recent confirmed explosive activity in 1996.

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